Extracción de información de hardware y sistema Linux con Python

# importing the required modules

import platform

# printing the Architecture of the OS
print("[+] Architecture :", platform.architecture()[0])

# Displaying the machine
print("[+] Machine :", platform.machine())

# printing the Operating System release information
print("[+] Operating System Release :", platform.release())

# prints the currently using system name
print("[+] System Name :",platform.system())

# This line will print the version of your Operating System
print("[+] Operating System Version :", platform.version())

# This will print the Node or hostname of your Operating System
print("[+] Node: " + platform.node())

# This will print your system platform
print("[+] Platform :", platform.platform())

# This will print the processor information
print("[+] Processor :",platform.processor())

from datetime import datetime
import psutil

# Using the psutil library to get the boot time of the system
boot_time = datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time())
print("[+] System Boot Time :", boot_time)

Este código imprimirá la hora de inicio, es decir, la hora en que se inició el sistema. Al ejecutar el programa en mi PC, obtuve el siguiente resultado.

También podemos ver el tiempo de actividad del sistema, que es el tiempo durante el cual el sistema está funcionando. Necesitamos leer el archivo de tiempo de actividad del directorio proc, como se muestra en el siguiente código.

# getting thesystem up time from the uptime file at proc directory
with open("/proc/uptime", "r") as f:
    uptime = f.read().split(" ")[0].strip()

uptime = int(float(uptime))
uptime_hours = uptime // 3600
uptime_minutes = (uptime % 3600) // 60
print("[+] System Uptime : " + str(uptime_hours) + ":" + str(uptime_minutes) + " hours")

import os

pids = []
for subdir in os.listdir('/proc'):
    if subdir.isdigit():
        pids.append(subdir)
print('Total number of processes : {0}'.format(len(pids)))

Al ejecutar el código, obtuve el resultado, como se muestra en la imagen de abajo.

import pwd

users = pwd.getpwall()
for user in users:
    print(user.pw_name, user.pw_shell)

Al ejecutar el código anterior, obtendrá todos los usuarios presentes en su dispositivo y sus shells.

# importing the required packages
import psutil

# This code will print the number of CPU cores present
print("[+] Number of Physical cores :", psutil.cpu_count(logical=False))
print("[+] Number of Total cores :", psutil.cpu_count(logical=True))
print("n")
# This will print the maximum, minimum and current CPU frequency
cpu_frequency = psutil.cpu_freq()
print(f"[+] Max Frequency : {cpu_frequency.max:.2f}Mhz")
print(f"[+] Min Frequency : {cpu_frequency.min:.2f}Mhz")
print(f"[+] Current Frequency : {cpu_frequency.current:.2f}Mhz")
print("n")
# This will print the usage of CPU per core
for i, percentage in enumerate(psutil.cpu_percent(percpu=True, interval=1)):
    print(f"[+] CPU Usage of Core {i} : {percentage}%")
print(f"[+] Total CPU Usage : {psutil.cpu_percent()}%")

# reading the cpuinfo file to print the name of
# the CPU present
with open("/proc/cpuinfo", "r") as f:
    file_info = f.readlines()

cpuinfo = [x.strip().split(":")[1] for x in file_info if "model name" in x]
for index, item in enumerate(cpuinfo):
    print("[+] Processor " + str(index) + " : " + item)

# importing the requred modules
import psutil

# writing a function to convert bytes to GigaByte
def bytes_to_GB(bytes):
    gb = bytes/(1024*1024*1024)
    gb = round(gb, 2)
    return gb

# Using the virtual_memory() function it will return a tuple
virtual_memory = psutil.virtual_memory()

#This will print the primary memory details
print("[+] Total Memory present :", bytes_to_GB(virtual_memory.total), "Gb")
print("[+] Total Memory Available :", bytes_to_GB(virtual_memory.available), "Gb")
print("[+] Total Memory Used :", bytes_to_GB(virtual_memory.used), "Gb")
print("[+] Percentage Used :", virtual_memory.percent, "%")
print("n")

# This will print the swap memory details if available
swap = psutil.swap_memory()
print(f"[+] Total swap memory :{bytes_to_GB(swap.total)}")
print(f"[+] Free swap memory : {bytes_to_GB(swap.free)}")
print(f"[+] Used swap memory : {bytes_to_GB(swap.used)}")
print(f"[+] Percentage Used: {swap.percent}%")

# Gathering memory information from meminfo file
print("nReading the /proc/meminfo file: n")
with open("/proc/meminfo", "r") as f:
    lines = f.readlines()

print("[+] " + lines[0].strip())
print("[+] " + lines[1].strip())

# importing required modules
import psutil

# accessing all the disk partitions
disk_partitions = psutil.disk_partitions()

# writing a function to convert bytes to Giga bytes
def bytes_to_GB(bytes):
    gb = bytes/(1024*1024*1024)
    gb = round(gb, 2)
    return gb

# displaying the partition and usage information
for partition in disk_partitions:
    print("[+] Partition Device : ", partition.device)
    print("[+] File System : ", partition.fstype)
    print("[+] Mountpoint : ", partition.mountpoint)
    
    disk_usage = psutil.disk_usage(partition.mountpoint)
    print("[+] Total Disk Space :", bytes_to_GB(disk_usage.total), "GB")
    print("[+] Free Disk Space :", bytes_to_GB(disk_usage.free), "GB")
    print("[+] Used Disk Space :", bytes_to_GB(disk_usage.used), "GB")
    print("[+] Percentage Used :", disk_usage.percent, "%")

# get read/write statistics since boot
disk_rw = psutil.disk_io_counters()
print(f"[+] Total Read since boot : {bytes_to_GB(disk_rw.read_bytes)} GB")
print(f"[+] Total Write sice boot : {bytes_to_GB(disk_rw.write_bytes)} GB")

En el código, primero hemos importado la biblioteca psutil, que es necesaria para recopilar la información del disco. Entonces usamos su disk_partitions () función para obtener la lista de particiones de disco disponibles con su información. También usamos la función disk_usage () para obtener el uso de estas particiones. Finalmente, usamos el disk_io_counters () función para obtener el total de lectura / escritura del disco desde el arranque. A continuación se muestra un resultado de ejemplo.

Puede obtener algún otro resultado dependiendo de su disco y particiones.

# importing the required modules
import psutil

# writing a function to convert the bytes into gigabytes
def bytes_to_GB(bytes):
    gb = bytes/(1024*1024*1024)
    gb = round(gb, 2)
    return gb

# gathering all network interfaces (virtual and physical) from the system
if_addrs = psutil.net_if_addrs()

# printing the information of each network interfaces
for interface_name, interface_addresses in if_addrs.items():
    for address in interface_addresses:
        print("n")
        print(f"Interface :", interface_name)
        if str(address.family) == 'AddressFamily.AF_INET':
            print("[+] IP Address :", address.address)
            print("[+] Netmask :", address.netmask)
            print("[+] Broadcast IP :", address.broadcast)
        elif str(address.family) == 'AddressFamily.AF_PACKET':
            print("[+] MAC Address :", address.address)
            print("[+] Netmask :", address.netmask)
            print("[+] Broadcast MAC :",address.broadcast)

# getting the read/write statistics of network since boot
print("n")
net_io = psutil.net_io_counters()
print("[+] Total Bytes Sent :", bytes_to_GB(net_io.bytes_sent))
print("[+] Total Bytes Received :", bytes_to_GB(net_io.bytes_recv))

import psutil

battery = psutil.sensors_battery()
print("[+] Battery Percentage :", round(battery.percent, 1), "%")
print("[+] Battery time left :", round(battery.secsleft/3600, 2), "hr")
print("[+] Power Plugged :", battery.power_plugged)

En el código anterior, usamos el batería_sensores () función para obtener la información de la batería, como el porcentaje de batería, el tiempo restante, la alimentación enchufada o no. Al ejecutar el código en mi máquina, obtuve el siguiente resultado.

# importing the required modules
import platform
from datetime import datetime
import psutil
import os

# First We will print the basic system information
# using the platform module

print("nttt Basic System Informationn")
print("[+] Architecture :", platform.architecture()[0])
print("[+] Machine :", platform.machine())
print("[+] Operating System Release :", platform.release())
print("[+] System Name :",platform.system())
print("[+] Operating System Version :", platform.version())
print("[+] Node: " + platform.node())
print("[+] Platform :", platform.platform())
print("[+] Processor :",platform.processor())

# Using the psutil library to get the boot time of the system
boot_time = datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time())
print("[+] System Boot Time :", boot_time)
# getting the system up time from the uptime file at proc directory

with open("/proc/uptime", "r") as f:
    uptime = f.read().split(" ")[0].strip()

uptime = int(float(uptime))
uptime_hours = uptime // 3600
uptime_minutes = (uptime % 3600) // 60
print("[+] System Uptime : " + str(uptime_hours) + ":" + str(uptime_minutes) + " hours")

# getting the total number of processes currently running
pids = []
for subdir in os.listdir('/proc'):
    if subdir.isdigit():
        pids.append(subdir)
print('Total number of processes : {0}'.format(len(pids)))

# Displaying The CPU information
print("nttt CPU Informationn")

# This code will print the number of CPU cores present
print("[+] Number of Physical cores :", psutil.cpu_count(logical=False))
print("[+] Number of Total cores :", psutil.cpu_count(logical=True))
print("n")

# This will print the maximum, minimum and current CPU frequency
cpu_frequency = psutil.cpu_freq()
print(f"[+] Max Frequency : {cpu_frequency.max:.2f}Mhz")
print(f"[+] Min Frequency : {cpu_frequency.min:.2f}Mhz")
print(f"[+] Current Frequency : {cpu_frequency.current:.2f}Mhz")
print("n")

# This will print the usage of CPU per core
for i, percentage in enumerate(psutil.cpu_percent(percpu=True, interval=1)):
    print(f"[+] CPU Usage of Core {i} : {percentage}%")
    print(f"[+] Total CPU Usage : {psutil.cpu_percent()}%")

# reading the cpuinfo file to print the name of
# the CPU present

with open("/proc/cpuinfo", "r") as f:
    file_info = f.readlines()

cpuinfo = [x.strip().split(":")[1] for x in file_info if "model name" in x]

for index, item in enumerate(cpuinfo):
    print("[+] Processor " + str(index) + " : " + item)

# writing a function to convert bytes to GigaByte
def bytes_to_GB(bytes):
    gb = bytes/(1024*1024*1024)
    gb = round(gb, 2)
    return gb

# Using the virtual_memory() function it will return a tuple
virtual_memory = psutil.virtual_memory()
print("nttt Memory Informationn")
#This will print the primary memory details
print("[+] Total Memory present :", bytes_to_GB(virtual_memory.total), "Gb")
print("[+] Total Memory Available :", bytes_to_GB(virtual_memory.available), "Gb")
print("[+] Total Memory Used :", bytes_to_GB(virtual_memory.used), "Gb")
print("[+] Percentage Used :", virtual_memory.percent, "%")
print("n")

# This will print the swap memory details if available
swap = psutil.swap_memory()
print(f"[+] Total swap memory :{bytes_to_GB(swap.total)}")
print(f"[+] Free swap memory : {bytes_to_GB(swap.free)}")
print(f"[+] Used swap memory : {bytes_to_GB(swap.used)}")
print(f"[+] Percentage Used: {swap.percent}%")

# Gathering memory information from meminfo file

print("nReading the /proc/meminfo file: n")
with open("/proc/meminfo", "r") as f:
    lines = f.readlines()
print("[+] " + lines[0].strip())
print("[+] " + lines[1].strip())

# accessing all the disk partitions
disk_partitions = psutil.disk_partitions()
print("nttt Disk Informationn")

# displaying the partition and usage information
for partition in disk_partitions:
    print("[+] Partition Device : ", partition.device)
    print("[+] File System : ", partition.fstype)
    print("[+] Mountpoint : ", partition.mountpoint)
    
    disk_usage = psutil.disk_usage(partition.mountpoint)
    print("[+] Total Disk Space :", bytes_to_GB(disk_usage.total), "GB")
    print("[+] Free Disk Space :", bytes_to_GB(disk_usage.free), "GB")
    print("[+] Used Disk Space :", bytes_to_GB(disk_usage.used), "GB")
    print("[+] Percentage Used :", disk_usage.percent, "%")

# get read/write statistics since boot
disk_rw = psutil.disk_io_counters()
print(f"[+] Total Read since boot : {bytes_to_GB(disk_rw.read_bytes)} GB")
print(f"[+] Total Write sice boot : {bytes_to_GB(disk_rw.write_bytes)} GB")

# gathering all network interfaces (virtual and physical) from the system
if_addrs = psutil.net_if_addrs()
print("nttt Network Informationn")
# printing the information of eah network interfaces
for interface_name, interface_addresses in if_addrs.items():
    for address in interface_addresses:
        print(f"Interface :", interface_name)
        if str(address.family) == 'AddressFamily.AF_INET':
            print("[+] IP Address :", address.address)
            print("[+] Netmask :", address.netmask)
            print("[+] Broadcast IP :", address.broadcast)
        elif str(address.family) == 'AddressFamily.AF_PACKET':
            print("[+] MAC Address :", address.address)
            print("[+] Netmask :", address.netmask)
            print("[+] Broadcast MAC :",address.broadcast)

# getting the read/write statistics of network since boot
net_io = psutil.net_io_counters()
print("[+] Total Bytes Sent :", bytes_to_GB(net_io.bytes_sent))
print("[+] Total Bytes Received :", bytes_to_GB(net_io.bytes_recv))

# Getting The battery Information
battery = psutil.sensors_battery()
print("nttt Battery Informationn")
print("[+] Battery Percentage :", round(battery.percent, 1), "%")
print("[+] Battery time left :", round(battery.secsleft/3600, 2), "hr")
print("[+] Power Plugged :", battery.power_plugged)